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          LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA开发板体验-06-挂载ubuntu目录
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    <div class="post-body" itemprop="articleBody"><p>本文主要是体验正点原子I.MX6U-ALPHA开发板出厂系统——挂载ubuntu中的目录到linux开发板中，为后面应用开发学习做准备。若笔记中有错误或者不合适的地方，欢迎批评指正😃。</p>
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<details class="folding-tag" blue><summary> 点击查看使用工具及版本 </summary>
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              <table>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="5">PC端开发环境</td>        <td align="center" width=150px>Windows</td>        <td align="left">Windows11</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Ubuntu</td>        <td align="left">Ubuntu20.04.6的64位版本（一开始使用的是16.04版本，后来进行了升级）</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">VMware® Workstation 17 Pro</td>        <td align="left">17.0.0 build-20800274</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">终端软件</td>        <td align="left">MobaXterm(Professional Edition v23.0 Build 5042 (license))</td>    </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">Win32DiskImager</td>        <td align="left">Win32DiskImager v1.0</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center" rowspan="3">Linux开发板环境</td>        <td align="center">Linux开发板</td>        <td align="left">正点原子 i.MX6ULL Linux 阿尔法开发板</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">uboot</td>        <td align="left">NXP官方提供的uboot，NXP提供的版本为uboot-imx-rel_imx_4.1.15_2.1.0_ga(使用的uboot版本为U-Boot 2016.03)</td>      </tr>    <tr>        <td align="center">linux内核</td>        <td align="left">linux-4.15(NXP官方提供)</td>      </tr></table>
              </div>
            </details>

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<h1 id="一、写在最前面的"><a href="#一、写在最前面的" class="headerlink" title="一、写在最前面的"></a><font size=3>一、写在最前面的</font></h1><p>前面我们已经知道了如何从tftp加载设备树和linux内核镜像，如何从nfs挂载根文件系统，我们后面进行应用开发的时候是不需要修改根文件系统和镜像以及设备树这些的，每次都这么加载会很慢，但是其实我们有时候只是想把文件传输到开发板而已，可以怎么做？前面不是已经实现了从nfs挂载根文件系统到linux开发板吗，是不是可以用一样的操作？当然可以的。</p>
<p>这一节我们从SD卡或者eMMC启动系统，然后从nfs挂载ubuntu中的目录到开发板中去。</p>
<h1 id="二、ubuntu搭建好NFS环境"><a href="#二、ubuntu搭建好NFS环境" class="headerlink" title="二、ubuntu搭建好NFS环境"></a><font size=3>二、ubuntu搭建好NFS环境</font></h1><h2 id="1-搭建NFS环境"><a href="#1-搭建NFS环境" class="headerlink" title="1. 搭建NFS环境"></a><font size=3>1. 搭建NFS环境</font></h2><p>根据《01嵌入式开发&#x2F;02IMX6ULL平台&#x2F;LV02-开发环境&#x2F;LV02-03-网络环境-03-NFS环境搭建》搭建好NFS服务器：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">showmount -e</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%BF%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C-06-%E6%8C%82%E8%BD%BDubuntu%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/img/image-20240831105732279.png" alt="image-20240831105732279" style="zoom:67%;" />

<h2 id="2-创建app目录"><a href="#2-创建app目录" class="headerlink" title="2. 创建app目录"></a><font size=3>2. 创建app目录</font></h2><p>我们创建一个目录，用与后面应用开发使用：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%BF%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C-06-%E6%8C%82%E8%BD%BDubuntu%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/img/image-20240831103306372.png" alt="image-20240831103306372" style="zoom:67%;" />

<h1 id="三、网口实现挂载"><a href="#三、网口实现挂载" class="headerlink" title="三、网口实现挂载"></a><font size=3>三、网口实现挂载</font></h1><h2 id="1-环境准备"><a href="#1-环境准备" class="headerlink" title="1. 环境准备"></a><font size=3>1. 环境准备</font></h2><p>这个方式需要连接网线，我们需要提前配置好ubuntu、windows和linux开发板的IP：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">开发板 IP:192.168.10.109</span><br><span class="line">虚拟机 IP:192.168.10.108</span><br><span class="line">PC    IP:192.168.10.100</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>保证他们可以互相ping通。</p>
<h2 id="2-linux开发板挂载目录"><a href="#2-linux开发板挂载目录" class="headerlink" title="2. linux开发板挂载目录"></a><font size=3>2. linux开发板挂载目录</font></h2><p>我们在<code>/mnt</code>目录下创建挂载点，注意这个目录下创建的文件，好像关机后并不会消失，不需要重新创建：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir -p /mnt/nfs_app</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>挂载命令如下：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mount -t nfs -o nolock,nfsvers=3 192.168.10.108:/home/sumu/4nfs/app /mnt/nfs_app</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后就可以成功挂载啦。</p>
<h2 id="3-开机自动挂载"><a href="#3-开机自动挂载" class="headerlink" title="3. 开机自动挂载"></a><font size=3>3. 开机自动挂载</font></h2><p>如何实现开机自动挂载？我们需要把这些挂载的命令写到 <code>/etc/init.d/rcS</code>中去</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mount -t nfs -o nolock,nfsvers=3 192.168.10.108:/home/sumu/4nfs/app /mn/nfs_app</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>不过这里会有一个问题，直接写到这个文件中的话，这个时候开发板的IP还没设置好，前面我们设置静态IP的时候，是修改的<code>/etc/rc.local</code>这个文件，这个文件也会在开机的时候自动执行，所以我们把命令写入到IP配置之后。</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">vi /etc/rc.local</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<p>然后添加如下内容：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">echo &quot;========================================================&quot;</span><br><span class="line">echo &quot;[sumu]mount sumu&#x27;s nfs dir (/mnt/nfs_app)......&quot;</span><br><span class="line">mount -t nfs -o nolock,nfsvers=3 192.168.10.108:/home/sumu/4nfs/app /mnt/nfs_app</span><br><span class="line">echo &quot;========================================================&quot;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%BF%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C-06-%E6%8C%82%E8%BD%BDubuntu%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/img/image-20240831113614991.png" alt="image-20240831113614991" style="zoom:50%;" />

<p>可以看到开机的时候挂载完毕，已经可以正常使用了：</p>
<img data-src="https://fanhua-picture.oss-cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/01%E5%B5%8C%E5%85%A5%E5%BC%8F%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91/02IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-IMX6ULL%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0/LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA%E5%BC%80%E5%8F%91%E6%9D%BF%E4%BD%93%E9%AA%8C-06-%E6%8C%82%E8%BD%BDubuntu%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95/img/image-20240831113547106.png" alt="image-20240831113547106" style="zoom:50%;" />

<p>根据打印信息来看，这个文件应该是运行在最后的。</p>
<h1 id="四、USB-WiFi"><a href="#四、USB-WiFi" class="headerlink" title="四、USB WiFi"></a><font size=3>四、USB WiFi</font></h1><p>前面在体验出厂系统的时候还用到了usb WiFi模块，我们在学习应用开发的时候只需要在出厂系统上跑app程序就可以了，这样我们其实是可以使用这个模块，和电脑连接在同一个局域网下，这样就不需要插网线了。</p>
<h2 id="1-启动并连接WiFi"><a href="#1-启动并连接WiFi" class="headerlink" title="1. 启动并连接WiFi"></a><font size=3>1. 启动并连接WiFi</font></h2><p>这里就看《01嵌入式开发&#x2F;02IMX6ULL平台&#x2F;LV01-IMX6ULL平台&#x2F;LV01-02-IMX6ULL-ALPHA开发板体验-04-基本功能测试》就可以了。连接完成后，可以ping一下电脑主机WiFi连接的ip和ubuntu NAT模式的ip，会发现在同一个局域网下是可以ping通的。</p>
<h2 id="2-挂载ubuntu共享目录"><a href="#2-挂载ubuntu共享目录" class="headerlink" title="2. 挂载ubuntu共享目录"></a><font size=3>2. 挂载ubuntu共享目录</font></h2><p>和上面的挂载命令是一样的：</p>
<figure class="highlight shell"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">mkdir -p /mnt/nfs_app</span><br><span class="line">mount -t nfs -o nolock,nfsvers=3 &lt;ubuntu NAT模式下的IP&gt;:/home/sumu/4nfs/app /mnt/nfs_app</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>


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